The length of a journey by air between New York Metropolis and Istanbul is influenced by a number of elements, together with the precise departure and arrival airports, the airline chosen, potential layovers, and prevailing wind situations. Continuous flights usually vary between 9 and eleven hours. Connecting flights, which regularly contain a cease in one other European metropolis, can considerably prolong the general journey time, generally as much as 15 hours or extra.
Understanding the standard flight length is essential for vacationers planning journeys between these two main worldwide hubs. Correct time estimations allow efficient itinerary planning, permitting vacationers to think about journey time when reserving lodging, scheduling conferences, or arranging floor transportation. Traditionally, the event of extra environment friendly plane and optimized flight routes has regularly lowered journey time between distant cities like New York and Istanbul, facilitating larger world connectivity and cultural alternate.
This text will additional discover the assorted elements influencing flight length, present steering on deciding on optimum flight routes, provide suggestions for managing long-haul flights comfortably, and focus on the historic evolution of air journey between North America and Turkey.
1. Direct flights
The assertion “Direct flights: Sep 11 hours” supplies an important baseline for understanding the general subject of flight length between New York and Istanbul. This vary represents essentially the most environment friendly journey choice, minimizing general time spent in transit. The absence of layovers, aircraft adjustments, and prolonged floor waits contributes considerably to this effectivity. Selecting a direct flight typically interprets to much less fatigue for vacationers and permits for faster arrival on the ultimate vacation spot.
For instance, a enterprise traveler needing to attend a gathering in Istanbul shortly after arrival would seemingly prioritize a direct flight. The predictable journey window provided by a continuous choice permits for extra environment friendly scheduling. Equally, vacationers with tight connections to different locations or time-sensitive engagements profit considerably from the lowered journey time provided by direct flights. Whereas doubtlessly dearer, the time saved typically outweighs the price distinction for these people. Conversely, leisure vacationers with extra versatile schedules would possibly think about longer, connecting flights, significantly if value financial savings are a precedence.
Understanding the Sep 11 hour benchmark for direct flights permits vacationers to evaluate the relative worth of connecting flights, weigh the cost-benefit evaluation of varied itineraries, and finally make knowledgeable selections tailor-made to particular person journey wants. The implications of this time vary are important in managing expectations, planning itineraries, and optimizing the general journey expertise. It serves as a elementary factor inside the broader context of journey between New York and Istanbul.
2. Connecting flights
The length estimate “12-15+ hours” for connecting flights between New York and Istanbul represents a big side of the general journey time concerns. Not like direct flights, connecting itineraries introduce further complexities and variables that affect general length. Understanding these nuances is essential for vacationers evaluating varied flight choices.
-
Layover Places and Durations
Connecting flights necessitate layovers, usually in European hub airports akin to Amsterdam, Paris, or Frankfurt. Layover durations can vary from a minimal of 1 hour to a number of hours, considerably impacting the general journey time. A brief layover might contain a fast switch between gates, whereas longer layovers would possibly enable for exploring the airport and even briefly visiting the layover metropolis. The selection of layover location and length considerably influences the general flight time and requires cautious analysis throughout reserving.
-
Airline Partnerships and Interline Agreements
Connecting flights typically contain a number of airways working completely different legs of the journey. These partnerships, ruled by interline agreements, facilitate baggage switch and coordinated scheduling. Nevertheless, discrepancies in airline operations or unexpected delays with one airline can impression subsequent connecting flights, doubtlessly resulting in prolonged journey instances and missed connections. Vacationers ought to pay attention to these potential complexities when choosing connecting flights involving a number of airways.
-
Price Concerns and Commerce-offs
Connecting flights typically current a decrease value various to direct flights. The price financial savings may be substantial, making them engaging to budget-conscious vacationers. Nevertheless, the trade-off includes elevated journey time, potential layover inconveniences, and a larger danger of disruptions. Assessing the cost-benefit ratio of connecting flights requires cautious consideration of particular person priorities and journey constraints.
-
Potential for Disruptions and Delays
Connecting flights introduce extra factors of potential disruption in comparison with direct flights. Delays in any leg of the journey can have cascading results, resulting in missed connections and prolonged layovers. Elements like climate situations, air visitors congestion, or mechanical points can impression any section of a connecting flight, growing the general danger of delays and disruptions. Vacationers ought to account for this elevated danger and think about buffer time of their itineraries.
The 12-15+ hour estimate for connecting flights underscores the significance of cautious planning and consideration of all related elements. Whereas value financial savings could also be attractive, the potential for elevated journey time, disruptions, and layover complexities requires cautious analysis. Finally, the optimum selection between a direct or connecting flight relies on particular person journey wants, priorities, and danger tolerance. Understanding the nuances of connecting flights and their implications inside the context of “how lengthy is a flight from New York to Istanbul” empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable selections and handle expectations successfully.
3. Airline Variations
Airline variations play a big function in figuring out flight length between New York and Istanbul. Completely different airways make the most of various plane sorts, implement distinct route methods, and prioritize completely different operational efficiencies. These elements contribute to noticeable variations in general flight instances, even for seemingly comparable itineraries. Understanding these airline-specific nuances is essential for vacationers looking for to optimize journey time.
As an example, an airline working a more recent, extra fuel-efficient plane would possibly obtain a barely sooner cruising pace, doubtlessly shaving off beneficial time on a long-haul flight like New York to Istanbul. Conversely, an airline prioritizing cost-effectiveness would possibly go for older plane or much less direct routes, doubtlessly extending the general journey. Moreover, an airline’s inner operational procedures, akin to floor dealing with effectivity at airports, may also affect departure and arrival instances, not directly impacting the whole flight length. Selecting an airline with a status for on-time efficiency and environment friendly operations generally is a key think about minimizing general journey time.
Moreover, route choice constitutes a big differentiator between airways. Whereas some prioritize direct, “nice circle” routes for minimal journey time, others would possibly incorporate intermediate stops for refueling or passenger switch, doubtlessly lengthening the journey. Moreover, elements like air visitors management directives and prevailing wind situations, whereas outdoors the direct management of airways, work together with airline-specific route decisions to affect general flight length. Recognizing these complexities and researching airline-specific flight information and opinions can empower vacationers to pick airways and routes optimized for his or her particular time constraints and journey preferences. Understanding the impression of airline variations supplies beneficial context inside the broader query of “how lengthy is a flight from New York to Istanbul,” finally enabling vacationers to make knowledgeable selections and handle expectations successfully.
4. Particular Routes
The precise route an plane takes between New York and Istanbul immediately impacts the general flight length. Variations in flight paths come up attributable to a number of elements, together with air visitors management, climate patterns, geopolitical concerns, and airline-specific route optimization methods. Understanding the affect of particular routes is essential for vacationers looking for to attenuate journey time or anticipate potential variations in flight length.
-
Nice Circle Routes
Nice circle routes symbolize the shortest distance between two factors on a sphere, akin to Earth. Flights typically approximate these routes to attenuate gas consumption and flight time. Nevertheless, deviations from the perfect nice circle path ceaselessly happen attributable to elements like restricted airspace or opposed climate situations. For New York to Istanbul, a real nice circle route would possibly traverse sure areas with political sensitivities or unfavorable climate patterns, necessitating changes to the flight path and doubtlessly growing journey time. Whereas theoretically essentially the most environment friendly path, real-world constraints typically necessitate deviations from the perfect nice circle route, influencing flight length.
-
Climate-Associated Deviations
Climate programs, significantly jet stream patterns and storm fronts, considerably affect flight routes and durations. Airways ceaselessly modify flight paths to keep away from opposed climate situations, akin to sturdy headwinds or areas of turbulence. These deviations, whereas vital for passenger security and luxury, can add to the general flight time. As an example, a flight from New York to Istanbul would possibly want to avoid a serious storm system over the Atlantic, including additional mileage and time to the journey. Actual-time climate information performs an important function in figuring out the optimum flight path and anticipating potential delays.
-
Airspace Restrictions and Geopolitical Elements
Geopolitical occasions and airspace restrictions imposed by varied international locations can necessitate important alterations to flight routes. Sure areas could be quickly or completely closed to civilian air visitors attributable to political instability or navy workouts. Airways should adhere to those restrictions, doubtlessly requiring substantial rerouting and including appreciable time to flights between New York and Istanbul. Monitoring present geopolitical conditions and understanding their potential impression on air journey is essential for managing expectations and anticipating potential delays.
-
Airline Route Optimization Methods
Airways make use of refined route optimization methods, factoring in quite a few variables to find out essentially the most environment friendly flight paths. These methods think about elements akin to gas prices, wind situations, airspace congestion, and operational constraints. An airline would possibly select a barely longer route over a shorter one if the longer route gives extra favorable wind situations, finally decreasing gas consumption and doubtlessly shortening the general flight time. These advanced calculations underscore the impression of airline-specific route planning on the general length of flights between New York and Istanbul.
The interaction of those elements underscores the dynamic nature of flight routes and their direct impression on the length of flights between New York and Istanbul. Vacationers ought to think about that printed flight instances are estimates primarily based on preferrred situations and that real-world elements can introduce variations. Monitoring flight standing, understanding potential route deviations, and selecting airways identified for environment friendly route planning can contribute to a smoother and extra predictable journey expertise. Finally, recognizing the importance of particular routes supplies essential context inside the broader query of flight length.
5. Wind Circumstances
Wind situations represent a big issue influencing the length of flights between New York and Istanbul. Prevailing winds, significantly the jet stream, can both help or impede an plane’s progress, immediately impacting general flight time. Understanding the affect of wind patterns is essential for vacationers looking for to handle expectations and anticipate potential variations in flight length.
-
Jet Stream Influence
The jet stream, a high-altitude band of fast-moving air, usually flows from west to east throughout the North Atlantic. Flights touring eastward from New York to Istanbul can profit considerably from a tailwind generated by the jet stream, decreasing journey time. Conversely, westward flights from Istanbul to New York typically encounter headwinds, growing flight length and gas consumption. The power and place of the jet stream range seasonally, influencing flight instances all year long.
-
Headwinds and Tailwinds
Headwinds, blowing immediately towards the plane’s route of journey, improve air resistance and successfully sluggish the aircraft down, extending flight time. Tailwinds, pushing the plane from behind, present an added enhance of pace, shortening journey time. The impression of headwinds and tailwinds is especially pronounced on long-haul flights like New York to Istanbul, the place even small variations in wind pace can accumulate over the course of the journey, leading to noticeable variations in arrival instances.
-
Wind Shear and Turbulence
Wind shear, a sudden change in wind pace or route, can create turbulent situations, posing challenges for pilots and doubtlessly impacting flight paths. Whereas indirectly affecting general flight length in the identical means as constant headwinds or tailwinds, wind shear can necessitate changes to altitude and airspeed, doubtlessly influencing journey time not directly. Furthermore, extreme turbulence can generally require plane to deviate from their deliberate routes to keep away from hazardous situations, additional impacting flight length.
-
Predicting and Accounting for Wind Circumstances
Airways make the most of refined meteorological information and forecasting fashions to foretell wind situations and optimize flight plans accordingly. Whereas exact predictions stay difficult, airways issue anticipated wind patterns into their flight schedules and gas calculations. These predictions contribute to the estimated flight instances offered to passengers. Nevertheless, surprising shifts in wind patterns throughout flight can nonetheless impression general length, highlighting the dynamic nature of wind’s affect on air journey.
The impression of wind situations underscores the advanced interaction of pure forces and aviation operations in figuring out the length of flights between New York and Istanbul. Vacationers ought to acknowledge that printed flight instances function estimates, and precise durations can range attributable to real-time wind situations encountered en route. Monitoring climate forecasts and understanding the affect of wind patterns can contribute to extra knowledgeable journey planning and sensible expectations concerning flight length.
6. Time of Yr
Time of yr considerably influences flight length between New York and Istanbul. Differences due to the season in climate patterns, significantly the jet stream, immediately impression flight paths and journey instances. The place and power of the jet stream fluctuate all year long, leading to various headwinds and tailwinds that have an effect on plane pace and, consequently, general flight length. Throughout winter months, the jet stream usually strengthens and shifts southward, resulting in stronger headwinds for westward flights and doubtlessly decreasing journey time for eastward flights. Conversely, throughout summer season months, a weaker, extra northerly jet stream may end up in lowered tailwinds for eastward flights, doubtlessly growing journey time.
For instance, a flight from New York to Istanbul in January would possibly expertise a shorter journey time attributable to stronger tailwinds related to the winter jet stream. Nevertheless, the identical flight in July would possibly encounter weaker tailwinds and even headwinds, resulting in an extended flight length. This seasonal variability underscores the significance of contemplating time of yr when estimating journey time. Airways account for these seasonal wind patterns when scheduling flights and calculating gas necessities, however precise flight instances can nonetheless deviate from printed schedules attributable to real-time climate situations. Understanding these seasonal influences permits vacationers to handle expectations and plan accordingly.
In conclusion, time of yr represents an important issue affecting flight length between New York and Istanbul. Differences due to the season within the jet stream and prevailing wind patterns introduce variability in journey instances. Recognizing these seasonal influences empowers vacationers to anticipate potential deviations from printed schedules, facilitating extra sensible planning and knowledgeable decision-making. This understanding contributes to a extra complete perspective on the complexities influencing air journey between these two main worldwide hubs.
7. Departure Airport
Departure airport choice considerably influences the general length of a flight from New York to Istanbul. Whereas the New York metropolitan space gives three main worldwide airports John F. Kennedy Worldwide Airport (JFK), Newark Liberty Worldwide Airport (EWR), and LaGuardia Airport (LGA) solely JFK and EWR provide direct flights to Istanbul. Selecting LGA necessitates a connecting flight, including a number of hours to the general journey. Moreover, even between JFK and EWR, slight variations in flight instances can happen attributable to variations in air visitors management procedures, runway congestion, and airline-specific operational efficiencies. As an example, a flight departing from JFK throughout peak hours would possibly expertise taxi delays, impacting general journey time, whereas a flight from EWR throughout off-peak hours may doubtlessly depart extra rapidly.
The selection of departure airport additionally influences the accessible airline and route choices. Sure airways function solely from particular airports, doubtlessly limiting decisions for vacationers constrained by departure location. This limitation can have an effect on entry to direct flights, most well-liked plane sorts, or particular alliance partnerships, additional impacting general flight length. For instance, a person prioritizing a direct flight on a specific airline could be restricted to departing from JFK if that airline doesn’t function from EWR. Conversely, a traveler looking for a extra budget-friendly choice with a connecting flight would possibly discover a broader vary of decisions departing from EWR. Contemplating these elements permits for a extra strategic number of departure airport, optimizing journey time and aligning with particular person preferences.
In abstract, cautious number of the departure airport inside the New York space represents an important element in managing the general length of a flight to Istanbul. Elements akin to availability of direct flights, airline-specific operations, and potential for floor delays contribute to variations in journey time. Understanding these nuances and strategically deciding on a departure airport empowers vacationers to optimize their itineraries and align their journey plans with particular person priorities and time constraints.
8. Arrival Airport
Arrival airport concerns considerably affect general journey time between New York and Istanbul. Whereas Istanbul Airport (IST) serves as the first worldwide gateway, understanding its operational traits and potential for floor delays contributes to a extra correct evaluation of whole journey length. Elements akin to airport measurement, customs and immigration procedures, baggage dealing with effectivity, and floor transportation choices all contribute to the time spent after touchdown, impacting general journey expertise. For instance, a flight arriving throughout peak hours at IST would possibly expertise longer taxi instances and potential delays at immigration or baggage declare, including to the whole journey time past the scheduled flight length. Conversely, an arrival throughout off-peak hours would possibly enable for a smoother, sooner transition by means of the airport, minimizing further time spent on the bottom.
Moreover, potential diversions to Sabiha Gken Worldwide Airport (SAW), Istanbul’s secondary airport, can considerably alter journey plans and general length. Whereas much less frequent, diversions attributable to climate or operational points at IST necessitate further journey time to succeed in the meant vacation spot inside Istanbul. The space between SAW and central Istanbul is significantly larger than from IST, requiring extra in depth floor transportation preparations and including considerably to the general journey time. Understanding the potential for diversions and their potential impression on floor transportation logistics permits vacationers to anticipate and mitigate potential disruptions.
In abstract, contemplating the arrival airport’s operational traits, potential for delays, and the potential for diversions is important for precisely estimating whole journey time between New York and Istanbul. Whereas flight length represents a core element, accounting for arrival airport-specific elements permits vacationers to develop extra sensible expectations, handle potential delays successfully, and make knowledgeable selections concerning floor transportation preparations. This complete method ensures a smoother, extra predictable journey expertise and aligns with the practicalities of worldwide journey.
9. Layover Length
Layover length performs a vital function in figuring out the general journey time between New York and Istanbul, significantly for itineraries involving connecting flights. This seemingly easy factor introduces important complexity to journey planning, influencing not solely the whole time spent in transit but additionally the potential for disruptions, added prices, and general journey expertise. An intensive understanding of layover length’s implications is important for knowledgeable decision-making.
-
Minimal Connection Instances and Threat Evaluation
Airways set up minimal connection instances (MCTs) at airports, representing the shortest allowable time between connecting flights. Whereas adhering to MCTs theoretically ensures ample time for transferring between gates, elements akin to airport measurement, terminal structure, and potential safety or immigration procedures can impression the feasibility of attaining a easy connection. Shorter layovers, whereas doubtlessly minimizing general journey time, improve the chance of missed connections attributable to unexpected delays. For instance, a one-hour layover in a big, unfamiliar airport like Frankfurt presents a better danger in comparison with a two-hour layover, significantly for vacationers unfamiliar with the airport’s structure. Assessing the chance related to brief layovers requires cautious consideration of airport-specific elements and potential for delays.
-
Prolonged Layovers and Transit Visa Necessities
Prolonged layovers, exceeding a number of hours, can considerably improve general journey time however provide sure benefits. They will present alternatives to discover the layover metropolis, loosen up in airport lounges, or just scale back the stress of a decent connection. Nevertheless, prolonged layovers introduce further concerns, akin to potential transit visa necessities. Relying on nationality and the layover nation’s rules, vacationers would possibly require a transit visa even when they don’t intend to depart the airport. As an example, sure nationalities require a transit visa for even a brief layover in some European international locations. Failing to account for visa necessities may end up in denied boarding and important disruptions to journey plans.
-
Layover Actions and Related Prices
Layover length influences the vary of actions accessible to vacationers. Quick layovers usually prohibit actions to important duties like navigating to the connecting gate, whereas longer layovers would possibly allow exploring airport facilities, accessing lounges, and even briefly visiting close by sights. Nevertheless, these actions can introduce further prices. Airport lounge entry typically requires cost or membership, and venturing outdoors the airport necessitates floor transportation bills and potential meal prices. For instance, a traveler with a protracted layover in Amsterdam would possibly resolve to go to the town middle, incurring transportation and meal bills. Factoring in these potential prices is essential when budgeting for a visit with connecting flights.
-
Influence on Passenger Fatigue and Consolation
Layover length considerably impacts passenger fatigue and general consolation. Quick layovers can introduce stress and anxiousness related to navigating unfamiliar airports and dashing to make connections. Conversely, prolonged layovers, whereas providing a break from flying, can nonetheless contribute to general fatigue, significantly if spent in uncomfortable airport seating or coping with surprising delays. Furthermore, disruptions to sleep patterns throughout lengthy layovers can impression a traveler’s capacity to regulate to the time zone change upon arrival in Istanbul. Contemplating the impression on private well-being and potential fatigue is essential when evaluating layover choices.
In conclusion, layover length represents a multifaceted factor inside the broader context of journey time between New York and Istanbul. Balancing the will to attenuate general journey time with the potential dangers and added complexities related to varied layover durations requires cautious planning and consideration of particular person priorities. Understanding the implications of every side of layover length empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable selections, handle expectations successfully, and optimize the general journey expertise.
Steadily Requested Questions
This part addresses widespread inquiries concerning flight durations between New York and Istanbul, offering concise and informative responses to facilitate knowledgeable journey planning.
Query 1: What’s the typical flight length for a continuous flight between New York and Istanbul?
Continuous flights usually vary from 9 to eleven hours, relying on particular routes, wind situations, and airline operational procedures.
Query 2: How do connecting flights impression general journey time?
Connecting flights introduce layovers, starting from one hour to a number of hours, which considerably prolong general journey time. Complete length, together with layovers, can vary from 12 to fifteen hours or extra.
Query 3: Which New York space airports provide direct flights to Istanbul?
John F. Kennedy Worldwide Airport (JFK) and Newark Liberty Worldwide Airport (EWR) provide direct flights. LaGuardia Airport (LGA) requires a connecting flight.
Query 4: How do differences due to the season have an effect on flight instances?
Seasonal adjustments in wind patterns, significantly the jet stream, affect flight durations. Eastbound flights would possibly expertise shorter journey instances throughout winter attributable to stronger tailwinds. Westbound flights could also be equally affected in the summertime.
Query 5: What function do airways play in influencing flight length?
Airways make the most of completely different plane sorts, route methods, and operational procedures, resulting in variations in flight instances. Plane pace, route effectivity, and floor dealing with procedures all contribute to those variations.
Query 6: How can vacationers mitigate the impression of potential delays?
Reserving flights with respected airways identified for on-time efficiency, deciding on itineraries with cheap layover durations, and monitoring flight standing updates may help mitigate potential delays. Constructing buffer time into journey plans additionally supplies flexibility.
Cautious consideration of those elements empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable selections and handle expectations successfully. Flight length represents a dynamic factor influenced by varied interconnected elements, necessitating thorough planning for optimum journey experiences.
The next part will provide sensible suggestions for reserving flights and managing long-haul journey successfully.
Ideas for Managing Flights Between New York and Istanbul
The following pointers provide steering for planning and managing air journey between New York and Istanbul, specializing in optimizing flight choice and enhancing passenger consolation throughout long-haul journeys.
Tip 1: Guide Direct Flights When Possible: Direct flights decrease general journey time and scale back the chance of disruptions related to connecting itineraries. Whereas doubtlessly dearer, the time saved and lowered complexity typically outweigh the price distinction, significantly for time-sensitive journey.
Tip 2: Analysis Airline-Particular Flight Durations and Routes: Airways make use of various plane and route methods, impacting flight instances. Consulting airline web sites or flight comparability platforms permits knowledgeable route and airline choice primarily based on most well-liked length and layover choices. For instance, evaluating Turkish Airways versus Lufthansa reveals potential route and time variations.
Tip 3: Take into account Layover Length Rigorously: Consider airport layouts, potential transit visa necessities, and private consolation ranges when assessing layover durations. Prolonged layovers can scale back connection stress however would possibly introduce fatigue or necessitate visa concerns. A quick layover in a small airport differs considerably from one in a big, advanced hub.
Tip 4: Account for Seasonal Wind Patterns: Time of yr influences flight length attributable to differences due to the season in jet stream power and route. Flights eastward throughout winter would possibly expertise shorter durations attributable to tailwinds, whereas westward flights throughout summer season may face headwinds.
Tip 5: Consider Floor Transportation Time at Each Airports: Take into account floor transportation choices and potential delays at each departure and arrival airports when estimating whole journey time. Airport measurement, customs procedures, and baggage declare effectivity affect the general length. JFK’s floor transportation choices differ considerably from IST’s, impacting general journey time.
Tip 6: Pack Strategically for Lengthy-Haul Consolation: Packing necessities like neck pillows, eye masks, earplugs, and comfy clothes enhances in-flight consolation throughout lengthy journeys. Hydration and light-weight snacks additionally contribute to well-being.
Tip 7: Handle Jet Lag Proactively: Adjusting sleep schedules earlier than departure, staying hydrated throughout flight, and using gentle remedy upon arrival can decrease jet lag’s impression. Understanding time zone variations and planning accordingly enhances post-arrival adaptation.
Efficient planning and knowledgeable decision-making contribute considerably to optimizing journey experiences between New York and Istanbul. Contemplating these elements permits vacationers to attenuate journey time, handle potential disruptions, and improve general consolation throughout long-haul flights.
This steering facilitates knowledgeable journey planning for a seamless expertise between New York and Istanbul. The following part will conclude with a abstract of key concerns and general steering.
Conclusion
Flight length between New York and Istanbul represents a posh interaction of a number of elements. Direct flights usually vary from 9 to eleven hours, whereas connecting flights, influenced by layover durations, can prolong journey time considerably. Airline decisions, particular routes, seasonal wind patterns, and departure/arrival airport procedures additional contribute to variations in general journey size. Cautious consideration of those components permits for knowledgeable decision-making and sensible expectations concerning whole journey time.
Environment friendly journey between these two main worldwide hubs requires a complete understanding of the elements influencing flight length. Strategic planning, knowledgeable route choice, and proactive administration of potential delays contribute to optimized journey experiences. Recognizing the dynamic nature of air journey and adapting to real-time situations ensures smoother, extra predictable journeys between New York and Istanbul.
